¡¡¡¡ The building for the
basic facilities in the last 20 years, especially in recent several years
develops very fast, and it makes good condition for the national economy.
There is a new stage for the building of energy, the condition of the transportation
is changed and the telecommunication has got to the top of the nation.
¡¡ (1) The building of energy includes raw
coal producing, oil processing, and electricity building.
(2) Transportation:
¡¡¡¡ [Railway]
There are Jingguang, Jiaoliu railway go form north to south, and Zhegan, Xiangqian,
Xianggui, and Shichang railways go from east to west with the total length
of 2275km. There are 1200km local railway of Liliu, Chenjia, and Yiyang railways
and other special railways, which are connected with the national railway.
Zhuzhou and Huaihua are big scale goods stations. The railways go through
14 counties and most of the cities and prefectures in the province. According
to the statistics, the passengers in 1998 are 44689000 person-times and the
goods of 43604000 tons.
Recently, the railways are under building
are: south part of the Luozhan railway, Chuanxiang railway, and the south
part of the HengChaji railway. Build the hub station of Changsha, Hengyang,
and Loudi.
[Road] The building of road is the important
basic facilities building of Hunan, and there are 4 south to north national
roads and 3 east to west national roads go through the province which is connected
with over 70 proven roads, and make the transportation net with the road of
the county and city. By the end of 1998, the density of the road is 28.3 km
out of 100km?. There are 99.8% of the towns and 86% of the villages has the
roads with the total length of 60077km. It is the fourth of the nation. Among
them, there are 32247km standard roads, 3716km roads over the second level,
16257km advanced and sub-advanced road, and 3499km of cement surface. There
are 173km of high way and 600km of high way, which is under building. By the
end of 1998, there are 223736 families take up the road transportation with
324765 different kinds of business vehicles. The volume of passenger is 736,810,000
person-times per year. The volume of goods is 416,100,000 tons per year, and
the transfer volume for goods is 25,656,100,000 tons km. In order to strength
the management to the transportation, Hunan road transportation management
bureau is decided to build by the government. It is in charge to management
of the road transportation of the whole province, and it carries on the policy
of ¡°unify, open, compete, and good order¡± to develop the market for road transportation.
¡¡¡¡ [Water transportation]
The water transportation resources of Hunan are rich. Four rivers of Xiangjiang,
Zijiang, Yuanshui, and Lishui go through the whole province. The main and
the branch connect and go into Dongting Lake and go into Changjiang at last.
It forms the natural water transport net of Hunan and Changjiang economy zone
and the coastal areas. Although the development for railway and road transportation
is fast, the water transport also plays the importation role in the national
economy. There are 10050km of channel length with 3417km which the depth is
over 1 meter. There are 3031km of channel over the seventh level, 257km of
third level, and 73km of fourth level, 899km of fifth level, 1169km of sixth
level and 633km of seventh level. The length of channel is 3041km. Because
of the soil erosion, the silted channel is increasing. In recent dozens of
years, the government pays to open the silted the channel, and in the 257km
of Zhuzhou to Chenglingji at the side of Xiangjiang has pass the ship of thousand
tons level. The channel of 182km from Zhuzhou to Hengyang is under the repairing,
and it also can pass the ship over thousand tons level.
The base of the water transportation, port, is the key program of the
government. Now, the port net for different kinds of ships has formed. Now,
there are 69 ports with the handling of capacity over 100000 tons every year,
with 11 ports of 1000000 tons of handling of capacity. The passing ability
of the port is 91000000 tons every year. There are 27 ports with thousand
tons of handling capacity, and 1508 machines. The Chenglingji port of Yuyang
is a foreign trade exported port with the draw ability of 5000 tons. The railway
of Yuyang, Changsha and Zhuzhou go into the port directly, and it realizes
the connection of railway and water transportation. According to the statistics,
by the end of 1998, there are 9388 business ships, 65232 passenger seats,
550000 tons of loading capacity ships with 3 ships of 30000 tons of Yuanyang
transportation company in it. The passenger volume of the year is 12600000
persons, and the volume of goods is 30190000 tons.
In order to repair the channel, the government receives the loan of
World Bank to repair the Xiangjian, and the project of it gets the satisfaction
of the officials of the World Bank
.
[Aviation] Before the founding of the
People¡¯s Republic of China, the aviation of Hunan are stopped because of destroy
of the KMT. It did not renew until 1955, but the passenger volume was only
355 person-times every year, and the volume for goods was 48 tons. After dozens
of years building, it opens 56 air channels, which can reach 45 large and
middle cities in the country. In June 1990, it can air to HongKong, and it
opens the airline from Changsha to Bangkok in 1993. Now, the passenger volume
is 1800000 person-times and it takes the 18th of the whole nation. In 1998,
the passenger volume is 1021606 persons and goods volume of 10485.2 tons.
Now, the Changsha Huanghua Airport is under extension, and it will complete
in 2000, which can accept 4500000 passengers.
(3)Telecommunication
[Post] The post industry develops and
strengthens from the founding of the People¡¯s Republic of China. All the towns
and 98.65 of the villages of the province have opened the post. The post spots
are over 40000. The total length of the post (single direction) is 87000km.
In 1981, it opens the express post, and it reaches 7683100 affairs in 1998,
[Telecommunication] The development of telecommunication industry is at the top of the nation. The telecommunication ability is near the standard of the developed countries. By the end of 1998, the transferring net volume with the procedure control is 4500000. It forms the BP net for the county and city, and also the GSM net, DDN net, Internet TV meeting, magnetic card, LC card telephone, visual picture, 168 audio information, multi-media communication and the satellite net. The communicational cable has gone through the whole province, and cover the lake area, all the towns and 80% of the village of the plant area, and 70% of the towns 50% of the village of the hilly. The video communication net and multi-media information service net have set in the province. The satisfactory of the Hunan telecommunication service is at the first three of the country for three years. In 2000, the volume for procedure transferring machine is 7000000, and there are 18 communication nets which can strengthen the communication ability and make it more safe, fast and efficiency.
